When you are a newbie at learning English, almost everything appears to be difficult as well as time taking, but slowly and gradually when you start practicing, your English improves. And to make the entire English learning process a lot more convenient, I have come with this interactive English tutorial on Where To Use Did & Have While Speaking and Writing English, do check it out.
English is a funny language and we all know that par agar aapko iss language ki grammar mein clarity na ho then the joke’s on you! Chahe woh spoken English ki baat ho, creative writing, ya phir professional work ki, you need to be a fluent English speaker to become successful nowadays. Aisa possible hi nahi hai ki aap English mein correctly baat kar sakte hain ya bol sakte hain agar aapke grammar ke doubts clear nahi hain. While some people pick up the rules of a language very easily, others might take some time.
It is completely alright if you do not understand everything about the English language. One of the most common queries raised by people is related to the use of did and have. Waise toh ye dono words bahut commonly likhe aur bole jate hain par inka correct usage samajhna zaroori hai. Aapko pata hona chahiye ki ek English sentence mein did ka use hoga ya fir have ka. In any grammar book, these two words are taught thoroughly. So, aapki life easy karne ke liye, read this write-up to know more about the difference between did and have:
Case Study
Imagine if you are speaking to a friend who has recently visited Delhi. Usne aapko bataya ki woh pichhle hafte Delhi ghoomne gaya tha. Then you asked him, “Kya tumne India Gate dekha?” He replied, “Nahi mere paas time nahi tha.” Phir agar aapne usse poocha, “Kya tumne India Gate dekha hua hai?”, he responded, “Nahi maine India Gate nahi dekha hua hai.”
In this conversation, there are two sentences where we talk about visiting India Gate, but inn dono mein ek bahut major farak hai. “Kya tumne India Gate dekha?” The English translation of this Hindi sentence will be “Did you see India Gate?” Yahan par “did” use karna zaroori hai kyunki ye ek particular past event ke baarien mein baat hai. On the other hand, when you ask your friend, “kya tumne India Gate dekha hua hai?” The English translation of this Hindi sentence would be, “Have you seen India Gate?”. In this sentence, did ki jagah have use hua hai kyunki yahan par koi specific time ki baat nahi hai ho rahi hai. Ye ek general query hai jismein time frame ki koi importance nahi hai.
Use of Did
Bahut logo ka doubt hota hai ki did ka use kahan hota hai. English grammar ke concepts ko agar aap araam se samajhne ki koshish karenge toh aapke bahut saare aise doubts clear ho sakte hain. But agar aapko further help ki need ho, toh it is best that you join a spoken English course or writing course online. Jab aapko koi bhi past ke event ke baarien mein discuss karna ho, then simple past hi use kiya jayega. Chaahe woh baat ek minute pehle ki ya fir sadiyon purani ho. In an English sentence simple tense mein “did” ka use hoga. In Hindi, agar aap kisi se poochein, “kya tumne kal call kiya tha?”. The right translation of this sentence would be “Did you call me yesterday?” This is because hum ek specific time ke baare mein baat kar rahe hain, so simple past tense hi use karna hoga.
Chalo kuch aur examples ke saath did ka use samajhte hain:
- “Kya subah tumne alarm band kiya tha?” In this Hindi sentence humein ye pata hai subah beet chuki hai, so English mein hum kahenge “Did you switch-off the alarm in the morning?”
- “Kya hum Tuesday ko market gaye the?” iss sentence ko aap English mein bolenge “Did we go to the market on Tuesday?” Yahan par bhi did ka use hoga because ye past occurrence ke baare mein hai.
- Ek aur Hindi sentence hai, “Kya pichle saal tumhari shadi hui thi?” jisko aap English mein correctly bolenge “Did you get married last year?” Simple past tense ka usage yahan zaroori hai kyunki ek past mein kisi particular time par hone wale action ke baarien mein poocha ja raha hai.
- If you tell someone that you had invited Virat Kohli to your wedding, aur woh aapko aage se pooche ki woh aya tha ki nai, then the English sentence would be, “Did he come?” Although yahan pe time mentioned nahi hai par ye ek unsaid rule hai ki past event ki hi baat ho rahi hai isliye simple past tense use hoga.
Use of Have
In English grammar, the use of did and have can confuse a lot of people, so don’t feel that you are the only one. The easiest way to understand the usage of have is when there is no relation time or date. This means ki aise koi bhi occurrence, event, visitation, meeting, etc., jo aapne aajtak (present day) kari ho uske baare mein baat karte hue present perfect tense ka usage hoga. For example, aap kisi se poochte hain, “kya tumne apna homework khatam kar liya hai?” Without getting confused between the use of did and have, you will say in English, “Have you finished your homework?”
Let’s go through some more examples to know when to use have in a question and not did:
- “Kya aajtak kabhi US gaye ho?” Ye sawaal poocha ja raha hai present day ko dhyaan mein rakhte hue. So, the right way to translate this in English would be, “Have you ever visited the US?”
- “Kya exam mein aajtak kabhi cheat nahi kiya hai?” ko aap jab English mein bolenge ya likhenge, then present perfect use hoga. The sentence would be, “Have you never cheated in an exam?”
- “Kya usne shadi ke liye haan kardi hai?” iss sentence mein bhi aapko present perfect ka use karna hai but ek aur rule dimag mein rakh kar. Since you are talking about a third person in this sentence, then you will ask, “Has she said yes to the wedding?” “Have” ki jagah “has” aeyega because English grammar ke hisaab se third person se related koi bhi sentence ho, tab aapne “have” ki jagah has use karna hai.
- Ek aur third-person related question dekhte hain. “Kya Shubham ko naukri mil gayi hai?” The English sentence for this would be, “Has Shubham got a job?” Present perfect ke usage ke saath aapko ye bhi yaad rakhna hai ki koi teesre insaan ke baare mein baat karte time humesha “has” bola/likha jaega.
With so many examples of using did and have, aapko ab kaafi hadd tak samajh mein aa gaya hoga ki inn dono ke correct matlab kya hai aur inka use kaise kiya jata hai.
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